Jet streams are powerful high-altitude winds that shape global weather. Learn how they drive storms, impact heatwaves, and ...

Cold air sinks at the North Pole, before flowing south at the surface. Here it is warmed by contact with land/ocean around 60º north, where it rises. At the Equator there is an area of low ...

There is more energy at the tropics than at the poles, creating an imbalance. As warm air rises and cold air sinks it forms three atmospheric circulation cells north of the equator and three to ...