Powerful jets and radiation winds from two protostars are slamming into the nebulosity around them, sculpting the nebula.

M57, also known as the Ring Nebula, is a planetary nebula—the glowing remnant of a sun-like star. At its center lies a tiny white dot, the star’s hot core, known as a white dwarf.

The authors say we have a pole-on view of a bipolar nebula shaped by the presence of a second star. There are many bipolar nebulae, including well-known ones like the Butterfly Nebula. However ...

ABSTRACT Bipolar, elliptical, and circular planetary nebulae appear to be possessed of differing Galactic scale heights, a feature which is usually assumed to arise from the differing distributions ...

In planetary nebula Hb 12, the model accurately reproduces ... the theory successfully explains the formation mechanism of its bipolar outflow. Notably, in FR I radio galaxies 3C 84 and M87 ...

Credit: NASA/ESA/CSA/STScI A huge bipolar outflow of gas and dust ... How does the birth of stars form a nebula like this? Well, stars grow by accreting material from their immediate environs ...