Human biological sex is determined by the sex chromosomes X and Y. In most cases, females possess two X chromosomes, while males have one X and one Y. However, there is some evidence that the Y ...

In particular, it explains that humans have one fewer chromosome pair in their cells than apes, due to a mutation found in chromosome number 2 that caused two chromosomes to fuse into one.

At the time, cytological markers were not available for human chromosomes, so Boveri was not able to identify specific chromosomal changes in tumors. Today, we know that Boveri's insights were ...

Each human cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes that carry DNA within their nucleus. The X and Y chromosomes, commonly referred to as the sex chromosomes, are one such pair. They determine the ...

But it might also put us at risk for uniquely human brain disorders. The study appears in Nature. The research focused on parts of chromosomes known as human accelerated regions (HARs), which have ...

Human-accelerated regions (HARs) in chromosomes help human neurons grow multiple neurites. When HARs were added to artificial chimpanzee neurons, as seen on the right, they grew extra neurites, ...