Non-volatile bistable memory circuits being developed by Satoshi Sugahara and his team at Tokyo Tech pave the way for highly energy-efficient CMOS logic systems.

Analysis and design of digital electronic circuits. Resistor logic; diode logic; direct coupled transistor logic; resistor-transistor logic (RTL); diode-transistor logic (ETL); transistor-transistor ...

The high-current switch Q1, driver Q3, and the overcurrentsensing Q2 transistors with positive feedback form a bistable circuit suitable for this function (see the figure).