Diodes, one-way current conductors, are used for voltage regulation, AC/DC conversion, and circuit protection. Forward-biased at 0.6V, conduct current, reverse bias blocks it.

2. Experimental setup of the bridging-droplet thermal diode. (a) Photograph of the wicked copper plate possessing an array of wetted micropillars of dimensions 100 × 100 × 600 μm.

Essentially, every electronic device in use today involves semiconductors, which can either inhibit or enhance the flow of electrons in one direction, allowing precise control over electrical signals.

Researchers have created a diode out of a 1 nm-sized single molecule with high rectification ratios. Diodes, commonly used in in everyday electronic devices, allow current to flow in one direction ...