All patients with suspected Gram-negative endocarditis should undergo transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) to confirm the diagnosis and assess for cardiac complications such as intracardiac ...

Infective endocarditis (IE) is by far the most common ... with IE and evidence of endocardial involvement, as seen on echocardiogram. Minor criteria include a predisposing heart condition, fever ...

CT scans, chest x-rays, electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, and blood tests may be utilized in the diagnosis of endocarditis. Over forty percent of endocarditis patients experience muscle and joint ...

Risk for symptomatic embolism can be predicted via echocardiographic vegetation features in patients with infective endocarditis.

A scientific statement regarding the diagnosis and management of blood culture-negative endocarditis has been published by the AHA.

The Duke criteria for endocarditis are summarized below. These were originally proposed in 1994 to help establish the diagnosis of endocarditis. Two major and one minor criteria are needed to ...