In addition, if possible mucosal perforation is a concern, the esophagus can be covered with water from outside while air is insufflated from inside; bubbling will be observed over the site of any ...

primary esophageal motility disorders (PEMDs), and esophageal perforations. Certain drugs can also cause this problem. Knowing the types of symptoms these problems cause can help you find the ...

Surgery is indicated in rare, severe cases that are characterized by perforation (hole in the esophagus) and refractory bleeding. No matter the treatment regimen, it is important that you follow ...