A ventricular septal defect (VSD) occurs when there is direct communication between the left and right ventricles. This can be a congenital anomaly or acquired as a complication of a myocardial ...
By decreasing left ventricular filling, the left ventricular outflow tract obstruction worsens, making the murmur louder. In patients with aortic valvular stenosis, the murmur will get softer with ...
Manual segmentation and removal of overlying structures: the right atrium (RA), right ventricle outflow tract (RVOT), the auricle of the left atrium (LA), and the diaphragm (A,B), thereby ...