(A) The plasma membrane of a cell is a bilayer of glycerophospholipid molecules ... The hydrophilic head is composed of a choline structure (blue) and a phosphate (orange).

We are taught that plasma membranes are a typical lipid bilayer, but how do we know this, and who figured it out? Aa Aa Aa Most books mention that membranes have a typical "lipid bilayer," but why ...

Researchers have created a bilayer metasurface made of two stacked layers of titanium dioxide nanostructures, opening new possibilities for structuring light.