These nodes often become swollen due to gastroenteritis (stomach flu) but are also sometimes affected by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and lymphoma. Pelvic lymph nodes are situated in the lower ...

or multiple lymph nodes, none more than 5 cm in greatest dimension N2 Multiple regional lymph node metastasis in the true pelvis (hypogastric, obturator, external iliac or presacral lymph node ...

Discover recent advancements in near-infrared fluorescence imaging that have revolutionised lymph node tracing in cancers such as breast and penile cancers.

About 20 percent invade the muscle of the bladder and can spread to the pelvic lymph nodes. In men, bladder cancer can spread into the prostate and seminal vesicles, and in women, these cancers can ...

anus), negative nodes IIIA Tumor of any size with positive inguino-femoral lymph nodes (i) 1 lymph node metastasis greater than or equal to 5 mm ...