Rotating to another opioid may be helpful, as cross-tolerance is not universal. [15] If this is not effective, then it may be necessary to focus instead on the patient's functional status and ...

The chapters are generally well-written; however, cross-referencing by the editor ... Further, the excellent chapter on mechanisms of opioid tolerance is not matched by an appropriate discussion ...

A recent study explodes the myth that the risk of addiction to prescription opioids exists only among patients abusing their opioids. Until recently, the National Survey on Drug Use and Health ...

cross-tolerance, cross-dependence, reward and opioid effects. Sugar addiction seems to be dependence to the natural endogenous opioids that get released upon sugar intake. In both animals and humans, ...

In this study, we found that 16% of all studied patients required doubling of their opioid dose by 7 days and 20% by 14 days. This outcome was more likely among patients exposed to opioid ...