This body of work should be both original and outstanding. More than 5,000 male emperor penguins huddle on the sea ice, backs to the wind, heads down, sharing body heat. ‘It was a calm day,’ says ...

Temperatures can reach -76°F. With winds of up to 100 mph, the male emperor penguins huddle together for warmth, alternating ...

Adult male penguins huddle together during winter. This helps them to avoid heat loss and survive until spring. They breed during the winter so that their offspring reach independence in summer ...

It is an extraordinary thought, but even in the depths of the South Pole’s winter, penguins must avoid overheating. Temperatures in the centre of a huddle can reach up to 37 °C, more than 80°C ...