Her son Paul I restored the succession of oldest sons to the throne, which continued through Alexander III and Nicholas II, the last tsar. Alexander III (ruled 1881 Ü 1894) began a web of ...

This all changed in 1917 with the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II and the overthrow of the Tsarist ... which the plate was originally bound. Most propaganda plates were sold in special state ...

The Empire did not have an elected parliament (until 1905) and there were no elections for positions in the government. There were no legal or constitutional methods by which Tsarist power could ...

In 1905, twelve years before Emperor Nicholas II’s abdication and three years from his own repose, St. John of Kronsta dt, who had served as confessor to Nicholas II’s father Emperor Alexander III (r.