This paper proposes a bi-level coordinated optimization framework to support PSS configuration design. An upper-level optimization problem is formulated for service configuration to act as a leader in ...

A bi-level VVO approach is proposed, where Level 1 optimizes the control of legacy devices and smart inverters using a linear approximate three-phase power flow. In Level 2, the control parameters for ...

Just try to get a reservation here before 9 p.m. Now, June’s bi-level concept has officially been revealed, which includes opening Lala on its lower level. Currently operating under a soft opening, ...