Roman Emperor Valerian and the Sassanian Emperor Shapur I, on a third-century cameo. National Library of France, Paris. E. LESSING/ALBUM Shapur also made territorial gains in the east. According ...

In early 260 CE, after suffering defeat at the Battle of Edessa, the Roman emperor Valerian arranged a meeting with Shapur I the Great, the Shahanshah (‘King of Kings’) of the Sassanid Empire.