The pioneering study puts forward compelling evidence that red-footed tortoises (Chelonoidis carbonaria) experience long-term mood states, in a similar way to mammals and birds.

Specifically, red-footed tortoises (Chelonoidis carbonaria) were found to experience long-term mood states—suggesting they are capable of optimism, anxiety, and even emotional resilience.

This video shows an Australian stingless native beehive being split to make two hives. These Australian native bees are called Tetragonula carbonaria, but there are over 1500 different varieties ...

More information: Kenya E. Fernandes et al, Strong antimicrobial activity and unique physicochemical characteristics in honey from Australian stingless bees Tetragonula carbonaria , Tetragonula ...

International perspectives in mayfly and stonefly research : proceedings of the 12th International Ephemeroptera Conference and the 16th International Symposium on Plecoptera / edited by Arnold H.

But a new study from the University of Lincoln has disrupted that belief, offering compelling evidence that red-footed tortoises (Chelonoidis carbonaria) can experience long-term mood states.

This dark morph, known as the carbonaria form, helped them escape predation, showcasing natural selection in action. Walking Leaf Insect Leaf insect blending in. Image by teptong via Depositphotos.