Hemodynamic consequences such as increased pulmonary venous pressure ... mechanism of signs and symptoms of pulmonary venous congestion. Post-capillary pulmonary hypertension and right heart ...

The sodium was 142 and potassium 4.9. A chest x-ray revealed mild cardiomegaly and pulmonary vascular congestion (Figure 1). Cardiac ultrasonography showed mild left ventricular dilatation and ...

the fluid redistributes centrally and may cause pulmonary congestion with orthopnea (dyspnea while laying flat) or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND). Systemic venous congestion may also lead to ...