Approximately 40% of critically ill individuals receive at least one unit of packed red blood cells in the intensive care unit, with a mean of five units per patient—half of human blood volume 1.

Doctors noticed that patients who had sickle cell anemia ... the abnormal form of the hemoglobin protein causes the red blood cells to lose oxygen and warp into a sickle shape during periods ...

Rubius Therapeutics is biologically engineering red blood cells ... clinical benefit to cancer patients.” Rubius Therapeutics uses precursors of O negative blood cells from healthy donors ...