The most dorsi-flexed [θdors(°)] and ventro-flexed [θvent(°)] atlanto-occipital joint angles of minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) and beluga (Delphinapterus leucas). The range of ...

The primary motion of the atlanto-occipital joint (C0 – C1) is lateral flexion, and the secondary motion is flexion/extension. While the primary motion of the atlanto-axial joint (C1 – C2 ...