The state-of-the-art approach to this problem relies on unique and expensive apparatus including electron analysers coupled with sophisticated differentially pumped lenses. Here, we develop a ...

As the acronym suggests XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) is a spectroscopic technique ... This is achieved by innovative electron optics such as the magnetic immersion lens and ...

By measuring the kinetic energy and momentum of this ejected electron, scientists gain insight into the atomic structure of the material. This principle is the basis of photoelectron spectroscopy ...

Electron motion in atoms and molecules ... application of strong-field tunneling ionization as a method of photoelectron spectroscopy. A collaborative team effort led by HUST graduate students ...

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Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) is a surface-sensitive analytical technique that provides information about the elemental composition, chemical state, and electronic structure of a material's surface ...

(Image: A. Carlson, Wikimedia Commons, in the public domain) Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) are both essential for analyzing material surfaces, offering ...

The PHI 5800 X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) is equipped with a dual source anode (Al and Mg), a hemispherical analyzer for XPS and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) analysis, including ...