May 1, 2007 · Results: Mean epi-esophageal pressure after retractor opening was 76.3 mm Hg, and mean endo-esophageal pressure was 16.3 mm Hg. An adjustment to 75% and 76%, respectively, of the initial value occurred within the first hour.

Postoperative dysphagia in human patients who have undergone anterior cervical spine surgery could be a clinical manifestation of this phenomenon. The results of this study demonstrate that direct pressure induced by the medial retractor blade on the esophagus wall leads to local injury.

Sep 1, 2014 · The most probable explanation for dysphagia after ACSS is that it is a multifactorial phenomenon, explained by esophageal retraction, direct cervical plate stimulating the esophagus, prevertebral swelling, among others [27].

Esophageal injury is a rare but catastrophic complication of anterior cervical spine surgery. Cases of esophageal perforation may be discovered intraoperatively, or as late as 10 years after surgery.

Feb 14, 2006 · Pressure induced by retractor blades onto pharynx/esophagus were measured intraoperatively in order to gain more information regarding traumatization of the pharynx/esophagus wall. Thirty-one patients underwent anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for degenerative disc disease.

The esophageal branches of the recurrent laryngeal nerve have been poorly described and could contribute to complications such as swallowing dysfunction following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion procedures.

Pressure induced by retractor blades onto pharynx/esophagus were measured intraoperatively in order to gain more information regarding traumatization of the pharynx/esophagus wall. Thirty-one patients underwent anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for degenerative disc disease.

hypothesized that direct pres-sure induced by the medial retractor blade on pharynx/ esophagus mucosal wall leads to local ischemia. To test their hypothesis, they measured local blood flow inside the pharynx/esophagus wall during anterior cerv

Nov 1, 2009 · The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of automatic retractor use on the esophagus and to describe the related pathological changes that might occur during cervical spine...

The impact of automatic retractors on the esophagus during anterior cervical surgery: An experimental in vivo study in a sheep model. J Neurosurg Spine. 2009;11:547–54.